PUBLICATIONS

*Equal contribution

KEY PUBLICATIONS

Pauli, R., & Lockwood, P. L. (2023). The Computational Psychiatry of Antisocial Behaviour and Psychopathy. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews.
[link]

Pauli, R., Brazil, I., Kohls, G., Klein-Flugge, M., Rogers, J. C., Dikeos, D., ... & Lockwood, P. L. (2023). Action initiation and punishment learning differ from childhood to adolescence while reward learning remains stable. Nature Communications.
[link]

Lockwood, P. L., Wittmann, M. K., Nili, H., Matsumoto-Ryan, M., Abdurahman, A., Cutler, J. L., Husain, M. & Apps, M. A. J. (2022). Distinct neural representations for prosocial and self-benefitting effort. Current Biology.
[link]

Cutler, J. L., Wittmann, M. K., Abdurahman, A., Hargitai, L., Drew, D., Husain, M & Lockwood, P. L. (2021). Ageing is associated with disruptions in reinforcement learning whilst learning to help others is preserved. Nature Communications.
[link] [Daily Mail]

Cutler, J. L., Nitschke, J. P. Lamm, C. & Lockwood, P. L. (2021). Older adults across the globe exhibit increased prosocial behaviour but also greater in-group preferences. Nature Aging.
[link] [commentary] [nature communities] [Daily Mail]

Lockwood, P. L.*, Klein-Flugge, M. C.* Abdurahman, A., & Crockett, M. J. (2021). Model-free decision-making is prioritized when learning to avoid harming others. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
[PDF]

Lockwood, P. L., Apps, M. A. J.*, & Chang, S. W.* (2020). Is there a ‘social’ brain? Implementations and algorithms. Trends in Cognitive Sciences.
[link]

Lockwood, P. L.* Wittmann, M. K.,* Apps, M. A. J., Klein-Flugge, M. C., Crockett, M. J., Humphreys, G. & Rushworth, M. (2018). Neural mechanisms for learning self and other ownership. Nature Communications.
[PDF]

Lockwood, P. L., Hamonet, M., Zhang, S. H., Salmony, F., Ratnavel, A., Husain, M. & Apps, M. A. J., (2017). Prosocial apathy for helping others when effort is required. Nature Human Behaviour.
[PDF] [commentary]

Lockwood, P. L., Apps, M. A. J., Valton, V. Roiser, J. P. & Viding, E. (2016) Neurocomputational mechanisms of prosocial learning and links to empathy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
[PDF] [PubMed]

PREPRINTS

Talbot, J., Cutler, J., Tamm, M., Little, S., harmer, c., Husain, M., … Apps, M. A. J. (2024). Dopamine boosts motivation for prosocial effort in Parkinson’s disease.
[link]

Pauli, R., Brazil, I., Kohls, G., Hauser, T. U., Gistelinck, L., Dikeos, D., … Lockwood, P. (2024). Conduct disorder is associated with heightened action initiation and reduced learning from punishment but not reward.
[link]

Yang, X., Schulz, J. F., Schmidt, K., Kenny, A. R., Pfuhl, G., Gjoneska, B., ... & Walczak, R. B. (2024). Large-scale cross-societal examination of real-and minimal-group biases. [link]

Cutler, J., Contreras-Huerta, L. S., Todorova, B., Nitschke, J. P., Michalaki, K., Koppel, L., ... & Lockwood, P. (2024). Psychological interventions increase motivation to exert effort to mitigate climate change. [link]

Lockwood, P. L., van den Bos, W., Dreher, J. C. Moral learning and decision-making across the lifespan. PsyArXiv.
[link]

Su., Z., Garvert, M., Zhang, L., Manohar, S. G., Vogel, T. A., Thomas, L., Balsters, J., Husain, M., Apps, M. A. J., & Lockwood, P. L. Older adults are more susceptible to impulsive social influence. PsyArXiv.
[link]

Vanags, P., Cutler, J., Kosse, F., & Lockwood, P. L. Greater wealth is associated with higher prosocial preferences and behaviours across 76 countries. PsyArXiv.
[link]

Rhoads, S.A., Gan, L., Berluti, K., OConnell, K., Cutler, J., Lockwood, P.L., & Marsh, A. Neurocomputational basis of learning when choices simultaneously affect both oneself and others. PsyArXiv.
[link]

Contreras-Huerta, L. S., Pisauro, A., Kuechenhoff, S., Gekiere, A., Le Heron, C., Lockwood, P. L. & Apps, M. A. J. A reward self-bias leads to more optimal foraging for ourselves than others. PsyArXiv.
[link]

2024 & in press

Doell, K. C., Todorova, B., Vlasceanu, M., Bak Coleman, J. B., Pronizius, E., Schumann, P., Azevedo, F., Patel, Y., Berkebile-Wineberg, M. M., Brick, C., Lange, F., Grayson, S. J., Pei, Y., Chakroff, A., van den Broek, K. L., Lamm, C., Vlasceanu, D., Constantino, S. M., Rathje, S., & Goldwert, D., … Lockwood, P.L., … & Van Bavel, J. J. (2024). The International Climate Psychology Collaboration: Climate change-related data collected from 63 countries. Scientific Data,
[link]

Su, Z., Garvert, M. M., Zhang, L., Manohar, S. G., Vogel, T. A., Thomas, L., Balsters, J. H., Husain, M., Apps, M. A. J., & Lockwood, P. L. (2024). Older adults are relatively more susceptible to impulsive social influence than young adults. Communications Psychology, 2(87).
[link]

Guo, Z., Yu, J., Wang, W., Lockwood, P., & Wu, Z. (2024). Reinforcement learning of altruistic punishment differs between cultures and across the lifespan. PLoS Computational Biology, 20(7), e1012274–e1012274.
[link]

Lockwood, P. L., Cutler, J., Drew, D., Abdurahman, A., Jeyaretna, D. S., Apps, M. A., ... & Manohar, S. G. (2024). Human ventromedial prefrontal cortex is necessary for prosocial motivation. Nature Human Behaviour, 1-14. [link]

Hewitt, S. R., Habicht, J., Bowler, A., Lockwood, P. L., & Hauser, T. U. (2024). Probing apathy in children and adolescents with the Apathy Motivation Index–Child version. Behavior Research Methods, 56(4), 3982-3994. [link]

Gaule, A., Martin, P., Lockwood, P. L., Cutler, J., Apps, M., Roberts, R., ... & Viding, E. (2024). Reduced prosocial motivation and effort in adolescents with conduct problems and callous‐unemotional traits. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. [link]

Vogel, T., & Lockwood, P. L. (2024). Normative Processing Needs Multiple Levels of Explanation: From Algorithm to Implementation. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 19(1), 53-56. [link]

Vlasceanu, M., Doell, K. C., Bak Coleman, J. B., Todorova, B., Berkebile-Weinberg, M. M., Grayson, S. J., Patel, Y., Goldwert, D., Pei, Y., Chakroff, A., … Lockwood, P. L., … & Van Bavel, J. J. (2024). Addressing climate change with behavioural science: A global intervention tournament in 63 countries. Science Advances.
[link]

Gaule, A., Martin, P., Lockwood, P.L., Cutler, J., Apps, M., Roberts, R., Phillips, H., Brown, K., McCrory, E.J., & Viding, E. (2024). Reduced prosocial motivation and effort in adolescents with conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry.
[link]

2023

Gueguen, M., & Lockwood, P.L. (2023). Social psychology: Predicting other people’s attention to understand their mind. Comunications Psychology.
[link]

Hewitt, S. R.C., Habicht, J., Bowler, A., Lockwood, P.L., & Hauser, T.U. (2023). Probing apathy in children and adolescents with the Apathy Motivation Index- Child version. Behaviour Research Methods.
[link]

Cutler, J., Apps, M. A. J., Lockwood, P. L. (2023). Reward processing and reinforcement learning: From adolescence to aging. Encyclopaedia of the Human Brain.
[link]

Elster, E.M., Pauli, R., Baumann, S., De Brito, S.A., Fairchild, G., Freitag, C.M., Konrad, K., Roessner, V., Brazil, I.A., Lockwood, P.L., & Kohls, G. (2023). Impaired punishment learning in Conduct Disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.
[link]

Forbes, P., Aydogan, G., Braunstein, J., Todorova, B., Wagner, I., Lockwood, P.L., Apps, M. A. J., Ruff, C. & Lamm, C. (2023). Acute stress reduces effortful prosocial behaviour. Elife. [link]

Azevedo, F., Pavlović, T., Rêgo, G. G. d., Ay, F. C., Gjoneska, B., Etienne, T., … Sampaio, W. M. (2023) Social and moral psychology of COVID-19 across 69 countries. Scientific Data.
[link]

Vogel, T.A., & Lockwood, P.L. (2023). Normative processing needs multiple levels of explanation: From algorithm to implementation. Perspectives on Psychological Science.
[link]

Contreras-Huerta, L. S., Coll, M. P., Bird, G., Yu, H., Prosser, A., Lockwood, P. L., ... & Apps, M. A. (2023). Neural representations of vicarious rewards are linked to interoception and prosocial behaviour. Neuroimage.
[link]

Jansen, M., Lockwood, P. L., Cutler, J. & de Bruijn, E. (2023). L-DOPA and oxytocin influence the neurocomputational mechanisms of self-benefitting and prosocial reinforcement learning. Neuroimage.
[link]

Trudel, N., Lockwood, P.L., Rushworth, M.F.S., & Wittmann, M.K. (2023). Neural activity tracking identity and confidence in social information. Elife.
[link]

Pauli, R., & Lockwood, P. L. (2023). The Computational Psychiatry of Antisocial Behaviour and Psychopathy. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews.
[link]

2022

Byrne, K.A., Lockwood, P.L., Anaraky, R.G., & Liu, Y. (2022). Age differences in prosocial behaviour depend on effort costs. The Journals of Gerontology.
[link]

Jin, T., Zhang, S., Lockwood P.L., Vilares, I., Wu, H., Liu, C., & Ma, Y. (2022). Learning whom to cooperate with: Neurocomputational mechanisms for choosing cooperative partners. Cortex.
[link]

Martins, D., Lockwood, P., Cutler, J., Moran, R., & Paloyelis, Y. (2022). Oxytocin modulates neurocomputational mechanisms underlying prosocial reinforcement learning. Progress in Neurobiology.
[link]

Van Bavel, J.J., Cichocka, A., Capraro, V., Sjåstad, H., Nezlek, J.B., Pavlović T., Alfano A., Gelfand, M.J., Azevedo, F., Birtel M.D., Cislak, A., Lockwood, P. L, Ross, R. M., Stoyanova, K.K., Abts, K., Amodio, D.M., Apps, M. A.J., Aruta, J.J.B.R., Besharati, S., ..., Boggio, P. (2022). National identity predicts public health support during a global pandemic. Nature Communications.
[link]

Pavlović, T., Azevedo, F., De, K., Riaño-Moreno, J. C., Maglić, M., Gkinopoulos, T., Donnelly-Kehoe P.A, Payán-Gómez, C., Huang, G., Kantorowicz, J., Birtel, MD., ... Lockwood., P. L……& Van Bavel., J.. (2022). Predicting attitudinal and behavioral responses to COVID-19 pandemic using machine learning. PNAS Nexus.
[link]

2021

Klar, V., Ang, Y‐S., Lockwood, P. L., Attaallah, B., Dickson., S., Drew, D., Kienast, A., Maio, M., Plant, Elitsa Slavkova, Toniolo, S., Zambellas, R., Irani, S., & Husain., M (2021). Validity of a new brief assessment of apathy: Caregiver version of the apathy motivation index. Journal of Neuropsychology.
[link]

Zeghari, R., Lockwood, P. L., L’Yvonnet, T., Cutler, J., Robert, P., & Manera, V. (2021). TaPiscine: An effort-based decision-making task for apathy assessment in people with neurocognitive disorders. Clinical Manifestations.
[link]

Klar, V. S., Ang, Y. S., Lockwood, P., Attaallah, B., Dickson, S., Drew, D., ... & Husain, M. (2021). Assessment of apathy in neurological patients using the Apathy Motivation Index caregiver version. Journal of Neuropsychology.
[link]

Cutler, J. L., Wittmann, M. K., Abdurahman, A., Hargitai, L., Drew, D., Husain, M., & Lockwood, P. L. (2021). Ageing is associated with disruptions in reinforcement learning whilst learning to help others is preserved. Nature Communications.
[link] [Daily Mail]

Lockwood, P. L., Abdurahman, A., Gabay, A., Tamm, M., Drew, D., Husain, M., & Apps, M. A. J. (2021) Ageing increases prosocial motivation for effort. Psychological Science.
[link]

Khalighinejad, N., Garret. N., Priestley, L., Lockwood, P. L., & Rushworth., M. F. S. (2021). A habenula-insular circuit encodes whether it is worth acting. Nature Communications.
[link]

Lockwood, P. L., & Klein-Flugge, M. C. (2021). Computational modelling of social cognition and behaviour: a reinforcement learning primer. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience.
[link]

Thompson., L., Lockwood, P. L., Garvert, M. & Balsters, J. (2021). Contagion of Temporal Discounting Value Preferences in Neurotypical and Autistic Adults. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders.
[link]

Sebastian, C. L. Stafford, J., McCrory, E. J. Sethi, A., De Brito, S. A., Lockwood, P. L. & Viding, E. (2021) Modulation of amygdala response by cognitive conflict in adolescents with conduct problems and varying levels of CU traits. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.
[link]

Manohar, S., Lockwood, P. L., Drew, D., Fallon, S. J., Chong, T., Jeyaretna, D., Baker, I & Husain, M (2021). Reduced decision bias and more rational decision making following ventromedial prefrontal cortex damage. Cortex.
[link]

2020

Lockwood, P. L.*, Klein-Flugge, M. C.* Abdurahman, A., & Crockett, M. J. Model-free decision-making is prioritized when learning to avoid harming others. (2020). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
[PDF]

Lockwood, P. L., Apps, M. A. J.*, & Chang, S. W.* (2020). Is there a ‘social’ brain? Implementations and algorithms. Trends in Cognitive Sciences.
[link]

Lockwood, P. L., O’Nell, K. C. & Apps, M. A. J. (2020). Anterior cingulate cortex: A brain system necessary for learning to reward others?. PLoS Biology.
[link]

Nitschke, J. P., Forbes, P. Ali, N., Cutler, J. Apps, MAJ., Lockwood, P. L., & Lamm, C. (2020). Resilience During Uncertainty? Greater Social Connectedness During COVID-19 Lockdown is Associated with Reduced Distress and Fatigue. British Journal of Health Psychology.
[link]

Enock, F., Hewstone, M., Lockwood, P. L.* & Sui, J.* (2020). Overlap in processing of the self and in-groups. Scientific Reports.
[link]

Contreras-Huerta, L. S., Lockwood, P. L., Bird, G., Apps, M. A. J.*, Crockett, M. J.*, (2020). Prosocial behaviour is associated with transdiagnostic markers of affective sensitivity in multiple domains. Emotion.
[link]

Lengersdorff, L., Wagner, I., Lockwood, P. L. & Lamm, C. (2020). When implicit prosociality trumps selfishness: the neural valuation system underpins more optimal choices when learning to avoid harm to others than to oneself. Journal of Neuroscience.
[link]

2019

Cutler, J. & Campbell-Meiklejohn, D. (2019). A comparative fMRI meta-analysis of altruistic and strategic decisions to give. Neuroimage.
[link]

Manera, V., Abrahams, S., Aguera-Ortiz, L., Bremond, F., David, R., Fairchild, K., Gros, A., Hanon, C., Husain. M., Konig, A., Lockwood, P. L., Pino, M., Radakovic, R., Robert, G., Slachevsky, A., Stella, F., Tribouillard, A., Trimarchi, P., Verhey, F., Yesavage, J., Zeghari, R., & Robert, P. (2019). Reccomendations for the non-pharmacological treatment of apathy in brain disorders. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry.
[PDF]

2018

Lockwood, P. L.* Wittmann, M. K.,* Apps, M. A. J., Klein-Flugge, M. C., Crockett, M. J., Humphreys, G. & Rushworth, M. (2018). Neural mechanisms for learning self and other ownership. Nature Communications.
[PDF]

Lockwood, P. L. & Wittmann, M. K. (2018). Ventral anterior cingulate cortex and social decision-making. Neuroscience and Biobehavioural Reviews.
[PDF]

Wittmann, M. K.,* Lockwood, P. L.,* & Rushworth. M. F. S. (2018). Neural mechanisms of social cognition in primates. Annual Review of Neuroscience. 44, 99:118.
[PDF]

Crockett, M. J. & Lockwood, P. L. (2018). Extraordinary altruism and transcending the self. Trends in Cognitive Sciences.
[PDF]

Ang, Y-S., Lockwood, P. L., Kienast, A., Plant, O. Drew, D. Slavkova, E. M, Tamm. & Husain, M. (2018). Differential impact of behavioral, social, and emotional apathy on Parkinson's disease. Ann Clin Transl Neurol.
[PDF]

2017

Lockwood, P. L.,* Ang, Y-S.*, Husain, M., & Crockett, M. J., (2017). Individual differences in empathy are associated with apathy-motivation. Scientific Reports.
[PDF]

Lockwood, P. L., Hamonet, M., Zhang, S. H., Salmony, F., Ratnavel, A., Husain, M. Apps, M. A. J., (2017). Prosocial apathy for helping others when effort is required. Nature Human Behaviour.
[PDF] [commentary]

Ang, Y-S.*, Lockwood, P. L.*, Apps, M. A. J., Muhammed, K. & Husain., M. (2017). Distinct Subtypes of Apathy revealed by the Apathy Motivation Index. PLoS One, 12(1): e0169938
[PDF]

2016

Lockwood, P. L. Apps, M. A. J., Valton, V. Roiser, J. P. Viding, E. (2016). Neurocomputational mechanisms of prosocial learning and links to empathy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
[PDF] [PubMed]

Lockwood, P. L. (2016). The anatomy of empathy: Vicarious experience and disorders of social cognition. Behavioural Brain Research, 311: 255-256
[PDF] [PubMed]

Lockwood, P. L. & Viding, E. (2016). Conduct disorder and percieving harm to others - a reflection on Michalska et al. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57(4):520-522
[PDF] [PubMed]

Sebastian, C. DeBrito, S. McCrory, E. Hyde, Z. Lockwood, P. L. Cecil, C., Viding, E. (2016). Grey matter volumes in children with conduct problems and varying levels of callous-unemotional traits. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 1-11
[PDF] [PubMed]

Faulkner, P. Mancinelli, F. Lockwood, P. L. Matarin, M. Dolan, R. J. Wood, N. W. Dayan, P. & Roiser, J. P. (2016). Peripheral serotonin 1B receptor transcription predicts the effect of acute tryptophan depletion on risky decision-making. International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology.
[link]

2015

Lockwood, P. L., Apps, M. A. J., Roiser, J. P. Viding, E. (2015) Encoding of vicarious reward prediction in anterior cingulate cortex and relationship with trait empathy. The Journal of Neuroscience.
[PDF] [SI MATERIAL] [PubMed] [Science Daily] [Neuroscience News] [NDTV]

Lockwood, P. L. (2015) Psychopathy: an overview. The Quarterly.
[PDF]

2014

Lockwood, P. L. Seara-Cardoso, A. Viding, E. (2014) Emotion regulation moderates the association between empathy and prosocial behaviour. PLoS One.
[PDF]

Sebastian, C. L. McCrory, E. Dadds, M. Cecil. C. Lockwood, P. L. Hyde, Z. ,DeBrito, S. Viding, E. (2014) Neural responses to fearful eyes in children with conduct problems and varying levels of callous-unemotional traits. Psychological Medicine.
[PDF] [PubMed]

2013

Apps, M. A. J. Lockwood, P. L. Balsters, J. (2013). The role of the midcinglate cortex in monitoring others decisions. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 7:251.
[PDF] [PubMed]

Lockwood, P. L. Bird, G. Bridge, M. and Viding E. (2013). Dissecting empathy: high psychopathic and autistic traits are characterized by difficulties in different social information processing domains. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience.
[PDF] [PubMed]

Lockwood, P. L., Sebastian, C. McCrory, E., Hyde, Z., Gu, X. DeBrito, S. Viding, E. (2013). Association of callous traits with reduced neural responses to others pain in children with conduct problems. Current Biology.
[PDF] [PubMed] [Time magazine] [NBC News] [Huffington Post] [Science Daily]

Lockwood, P. L. Iannetti, GD., Haggard, P. (2013) Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation over human secondary somatosensory cortex modifies perception of pain intensity. Cortex.
[PDF] [PubMed]

Lockwood, P. L., Millings, A., Hepper, E. and Rowe, A. (2013). If I cry do you care? Individual differences in empathy moderate the facilitation of caregiving words after exposure to crying faces, Journal of Individual Differences, 34 (1) 41-47.
[PDF]

2012

Sebastian, C. L. McCrory, E. Cecil, C. Lockwood, P. L. De Brito, S. Fontaine, N. Viding, E. (2012). Neural responses to affective and cognitive Theory of Mind in children with conduct problems and varying levels of callous-unemotional traits, Archives of General Psychiatry.
[PDF] [PubMed]

Viding, E, Sebastian, C. L. Dadds, M. Lockwood, P. L. Cecil. C., DeBrito, S. McCrory E. (2012). Amygdala response to pre-attentive masked fear is associated with callous-unemotional traits in children with conduct problems, American Journal of Psychiatry.
[PDF] [PubMed]